Public awareness on climate change has grown immensely. Issues related to equity and ethical dimensions of climate change and vulnerability of communities need to be addressed. Vulnerability to climate change has strong linkage with poverty and has the potential to create multiple stresses. It poses major threat to achievements of Millennium Development Goals and thus development; planning strategies need to consider the risks associated with climate change. It is critical to understand anticipated climate change pattern in order to have appropriate adaptation and mitigation measures. It is imperative to identify measures that promote development objectives, while also addressing climate change effects yielding co-benefits. Presently degradation of environment and natural resources is posing the greatest threat to the Globe. Earth is warming at an unusual rate and evidence of warming is present in different forms, that is reflected by the temperature records. The sustainable development of resources for the present and future generations is a tedious task, where involvement of policy makers and implementers have to play a significant role, by focused approach to the optimum utilization of the resources, while keeping a balanced approach to safeguard the environment and ecology.This book will be found usefull by policymakers, planners, administrators, teachers and technical managers incharge of various projects.